VaYishlach: A Battle for Selfhood

The deception of his brother and his father has weighed heavily on him. For nearly two decades he has lived away from home–ample time for the event to magnify itself in his mind and become a fixation: What else could I have done?

He knows that he did wrong. He also knows that it was necessitated by the situation. He had been fighting his brother all his life. In fact, even in the womb, he was fighting his brother. It was only chance that determined the birthright. It should have been his! He knew what was at stake, and that he was the only one of the two who could, and would, carry the family legacy. But chance had ruled otherwise and his brother was born first.

He had done what he had done in order to turn the tables, but it had cost him. His leaving home was an amputation of the better part of himself. How could he not feel crippled and maimed by what he had done?

Now, twenty years later, he is returning home. He is told that his brother is coming to meet him with an army at his back. It isn’t only for his own sake that he fears the encounter now. He has a family to protect; the bearers of the legacy are now part of what might be lost. He does what he can to protect them, dividing them into two camps in hopes of preserving a remnant. Then, under the cover of night, he sends both camps across the river to safety. He is left alone.

Alone that is, except for his fears and his memories. During the night he relives that fateful day of deception. He bears it in him like a nightmare and relives it in hope of changing the ending. In his yearning for closure, that event merges with the earlier, more primal battle—the battle with his brother in the womb. He knows that he can’t win, that chance will rule for his brother and he will be left behind, desperately trying to the last to reverse the decision, holding his brother’s heel as if to call him back into the womb.

“Who are you?” his father asks, as he has asked these twenty years of reliving that awful moment. “I’m your firstborn, Esav,” he says, his hands echoing his yearning to put the record straight. Twenty years of deception…. Now it is coming due. He knows that there is no wrongdoing without recompense. He has had cause to learn that essential truth throughout these years of living among deceivers. Twenty years of living with his own deceit and being deceived in turn.

Now it is at an end. “Who are you?” his father asks, as he relives his endless struggle with his brother. He has held on to the end, yet again. But this time, perhaps the end will be different. “What is your name?” The usual answer is on the tip of his tongue—the deception, the desire to be not-Ya’akov.  But this time, he decides differently.

“Ya’akov,”  he says. “I am Ya’akov.” He could have tacked on his father’s name, in hopes of benefiting a bit from the reflected glory, of detracting attention from the name of “heel grasper”, “’would-be-first”, but he doesn’t. He states the plain truth, “Ya’akov.”  I am the one who did not win. I fight that fight anew every night. It ends the same each time. But now I am ready to admit that I’m just Ya’akov. Just myself.

“No,” says the apparition. “No, Ya’akov is not who you are. Not anymore. Tonight you’ve proven that you have become someone else, even in that act of honesty. From now on, you are Yisrael.”

What does it mean to be Yisrael?

He has faced his past, honestly and squarely. He knows what has happened in this night, and how far he has come. What he thought to be a case of unmitigated Middat HaDin has been revealed to be an act of Middat HaRahamin. The Hand of God is so clear in what has happened that he is still coming to terms with the wonder of it. “I have seen the Face of God tonight. I have learned that Din and Rahamin are the same reality.  At last I understand.”

And, still over-awed and wondering, he looks up to find that his brother, with an army at his back, has stolen a march on him. With no time left to put a distance between his family and Esav, he turns to face the encounter that he has feared for two decades. He has gone through the process of T’shuvah. The Brachah that he won by deception promised him the fat of the land and the dew of heaven—seemingly material benefits. He has “returned the Brachah” to Esav through an offering of riches, sent in a continuous stream of “drips” as the dew of heaven. He has done what he could to make amends.

The true Brachah has now been earned in fair fight.  He is not the same person as he was the evening before. He relived the trauma of wrongdoing and understood what was necessary to come out on the other side.

Later, he will be reconciled with his brother, and will use the phrase, “like seeing the face of God!”  This reconciliation will be, for him, the concretization of what he experienced in the night—the change of Midat ha Din to Middat HaRahamin. It is true closure—a result beyond anything he could have hoped for in all those years of dreading it.

This time, he earned the Brachah with honest self-appraisal. He faced himself;  it left him limping, but a different person. He is now Yisrael. The former spiritual limp has been transformed to a mere physical manifestation. He has become someone else.

And yet, he will still be called Ya’akov numerous times in the aftermath. The name Yisrael will apply to each instance of destiny, but it will remain implicit throughout. Like the Brachah, it is something that must be earned. We–his descendants–will rarely be called outright by that name. The nations of the world will call us many things, but that name will remain implicit.

Until now. For the first time, the Jewish people has grasped hold of their name as foretold, and taken it upon themselves explicitly, by their own decision. And for the first time, the nations of the world refer to us by the name we were given by Ya’akov’s battle with himself—Yisrael.