BA in anthropology, Barnard College, New York City; MS in physical therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, MA and PhD in bioanthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN. Yaffa has worked with Bajans in Barbados, the Tohono O'odtham in southern Arizona, the Oji-Cree in northern Ontario, Canada, and warlords in the ghettos of Philadelphia. When she negotiated a ceasefire between two rival inner city gangs, she thought that she might be developing skills that could be useful on the streets of Jerusalem.