Jose Lev Alvarez Gomez
The views expressed herein are solely mine.

Annexation by Consensus: Israel’s Last Deterrent

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu points at a map of the Jordan Valley as he gives a statement in Ramat Gan on Sept. 10, 2019. MENAHEM KAHANA/AFP/GETTY IMAGES.

Israel stands at a crossroads.

For decades, governments from Left and Right have danced around sovereignty in Judea and Samaria—paralyzed by fear of international backlash or Arab rage.

But deterrence, not diplomacy, has always been Israel’s strongest language. And it is time to speak it again.

Annexation—beginning where national consensus is broadest—restores hard power credibility and closes the last major gaps in Israel’s defensive geometry.

On the ground that means command of the ridgelines that dominate the Coastal Plain, where most Israelis live and work, and uninterrupted control of the Jordan Valley—the only truly defensible eastern border and the chokepoint for arms smuggling from Iran via Jordan.

For example, Ma’ale Adumim is not a “settlement.” It is a city—a living extension of Jerusalem that embodies the broadest consensus in Israeli society. From Left to Right, Israelis know it is part of the country’s heartland.

Thus, anchoring Ma’ale Adumim inside Israel’s permanent lines secures Jerusalem’s eastern approaches and prevents the slicing of the capital from its hinterland—an urban-security reality as much as a historical one.

The same goes for Ariel, Gush Etzion, and the Jordan Valley—territories even centrists admit will never be surrendered. Together, these zones stitch a continuous security belt across the high ground while locking down Highway 1, Route 60, and the mountain corridor that overlooks the lowlands where ~70% of Israel’s population and industry sit. That is not ideology; it is topography, and topography still wins wars.

Hence, sovereignty must begin where consensus is strongest: Ma’ale Adumim first, Ariel and Gush Etzion next, and finally the Jordan Valley. That is not extremism—it is realism.

Unquestionably, this sequence hardens deterrence while minimizing diplomatic friction, and it directly targets today’s main threat vector: Iranian-directed weapons flows into the West Bank.

Recent interdictions exposed attempts to move mines, rockets, drones, and rifles across Jordan into PA-controlled areas; annexation that locks in Valley control, permanent ISR coverage, and unified policing makes those runs far harder and far riskier.

When King Hussein renounced Jordan’s claim to the West Bank in 1988—after annexing it back in 1950 following Israel’s 1948 War of Independence—the land stopped being “occupied” and became “disputed.” That legal reality matters: there is no current Jordanian sovereignty to “return” to, and the 1950 annexation was recognized by only a handful of states to begin with.

Nevertheless, the world prefers to forget that distinction.

There is no Palestinian state, no Jordanian claim, and no reason for Israel to apologize for asserting sovereignty over the ground that has protected it since 1967.

Curiously enough, UNSCR-242 never required Israel to retreat to the pre-’67 armistice lines; it affirmed “secure and recognized boundaries,” which in practice means keeping the defensible ones.

As a result, annexation, done right, does not destabilize—it deters.

Every inch of Israeli control signals to Palestinians that violence achieves nothing. History is crystal clear: deterrence works where negotiations collapse.

From Oslo to Gaza, every concession has birthed rockets, not reconciliation.

In fact, the 2005 unilateral withdrawal from Gaza did not buy quiet; it produced a rocket statelet. Sovereignty in the hills is how you prevent a repeat on the ridge above Ben-Gurion Airport.

A phased approach—anchored in consensus—would harden deterrence without alienating allies. Limited annexation, executed with unity and strategic clarity, tells the world that Israel defines its borders—not the UN, not Brussels.

At the same time, it also creates the leverage structure needed to force Ramallah back to a real table: once the terrain that matters is off the market, the only rational move left is to negotiate autonomy on pragmatic terms rather than chase maximalist fantasies. America, under any serious administration, respects strength and consistency—not hesitation.

The usual chorus will cry “isolation,” but the new Middle East does not really care.

Post-Abraham Accords, Arab capitals fear Iranian drones far more than Jewish homes in Ma’ale Adumim. The region has quietly moved on.

The West Bank is no longer a moral theater—it is strategic depth.

Jordan itself is increasingly aligned against Iranian encroachment and has acted to interdict hostile aerial threats; Gulf states prioritize anti-Iran stability and economic integration with Israel.

The Left keeps warning that annexation “kills peace.”

But what peace?

The Palestinian Authority is a corrupt shell. Hamas rules Gaza through terror. Ramallah survives on aid and slogans. The fantasy has expired.

Clearly, negotiations built on illusion must be replaced by facts on the ground—facts that cannot be undone.

That is precisely why a different Palestinian end-state conversation is rising from within Palestinian society itself: an “emirate model” built around city-based, clan-anchored autonomy that can actually govern.

Israeli scholar Mordechai Kedar calls it the “Eight Emirates” plan—municipal city-states (Hebron, Nablus, Ramallah, etc.) with local legitimacy, economic confederation with Israel/Jordan, and security cooperation that bans militias.

Crucially, prominent Hebron sheik figures have publicly signaled openness to Abraham-Accords-style normalization—and to structuring Palestinian self-rule around pragmatic, locally rooted leadership rather than the PA’s failed centralism.

Tag the hypothetical lines to the post-1967 reality: cities become self-governing “emirates,” Israel retains the ridges and the Valley, and contiguity runs through roads, commerce, and utilities—not through destroying Israel’s defensible borders.

This model is not Oslo 3.0; it is Arab, municipal, and workable.

And those facts rest on both faith and logic.

From Hebron to Shiloh, Beit El to the Jordan Valley, these lands are not colonial frontiers—they are Israel’s cradle.

Every stone carries the memory of kings and prophets. Even without the Bible, geography alone proves the point: whoever controls the hills of Judea and Samaria controls the coast below, where 70 percent of Israel’s people and industry live.

To give up those ridges would be suicide, not peace.

Strategically, annexation cements three essentials: (1) depth against eastern invasion/rocket corridors; (2) a single security jurisdiction to interdict Iranian-run smuggling from Jordan into the West Bank; and (3) permanent ISR and early-warning high points facing Iran’s proxies.

Israel’s right to sovereignty is ancient—and existential. It is return, not conquest; correction, not expansion. The world may protest, but history and security are on Israel’s side.

Still, strength must be paired with strategy.

To preserve the U.S. alliance—even after President Trump retreated from annexation under Turkish and Qatari pressure—Israel must move smartly, not loudly.

Ankara and Doha, the twin capitals of the pro-Muslim Brotherhood bloc, pressured Washington to stall Israel’s hand.

That mistake must not be repeated.

Annexation should proceed through legislative, municipal, and infrastructural integration—creating irreversible facts while avoiding political theater.

In parallel, Israel should publicly frame annexation as the only path that both blocks Iran’s West Bank weaponization and catalyzes a realistic Arab-led autonomy for Palestinians—precisely the message most Abraham-Accords capitals already understand.

This is vital as the American Right itself shifts.

Figures like JD Vance, whose worldview reflects the “online right” often skeptical of Israel, could one day shape U.S. policy.

Should that camp rise, Israel must ensure that by then, annexation is not a proposal but a completed reality.

The key is timing: consolidate sovereignty now, debate recognition later. The friendship of nations, like deterrence, follows those who act—not those who wait.

Israel does not need to annex every hill overnight. It needs to start where consensus already exists—Ma’ale Adumim, Ariel, Gush Etzion, and the Jordan Valley—and do it unapologetically.

Because in a region where strength defines survival, limited annexation is not a step backward from peace. It is a step forward toward deterrence, clarity, and permanence.

Sometimes the most moderate move is the one that reminds your enemies that you are here to stay.

That is why we failed in Gaza; we should not do the same in Judea and Samaria.

About the Author
Jose Lev Alvarez is an American-Israeli scholar specializing in Middle Eastern security policy. A multilingual veteran of both the IDF Special Forces and the U.S. Army, he holds a B.S. in Neuroscience with a Minor in Israel Studies from American University, three master’s degrees (international geostrategy, applied economics, and intelligence studies), and a medical degree. He is currently completing a Ph.D. in Intelligence and Global Security in the Washington, D.C. area. In addition to blogging for the Times of Israel, he contributes to the Washington Examiner, is a writing fellow at the Middle East Forum, and regularly provides geopolitical analysis on Latin American television networks.
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